Entelekya Logico-Metaphysical Review

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Entelekya Review — Tue, 07 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

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Book on the Science of Metaphysics, 14

Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi; Ilyas Altuner — Tue, 07 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

‘Abd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī’s Book on the Science of Metaphysics is an important work that contains the influence of both Alexander of Aphrodisias and Themistius in the interpretation of Aristotle. Only chapters 13-16 belong to the Lambda. The limitation results first of all from the main purpose of the work, namely to present a new witness for the reception of Arabic metaphysics. As can be seen from the introduction of the work, the work is conceived as a unified whole and may be meant as a kind of summa of metaphysics, a synopsis of four writings that hold high rank among medieval metaphysical works - especially since 'Abd al-Latif apparently regarded not only the Metaphysics but also his other sources as originating from Aristotle, the First Teacher. This translation includes only the eighth chapter of the Book Lamda.

The Place and Reliability of Aristotle's Induction in the Scientific Process

Murat Kelikli — Tue, 07 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

This article analyses the relationship between deduction and induction by focusing on Aristotle's knowledge acquisition processes. The deductive and inductive processes in Aristotelian science are analysed in depth, and it is emphasised that these two processes are, in fact, interrelated. It is claimed that induction and deduction use logical inference but are not themselves an inference. The structure of inductive inference is determined, and the deductive inference and the inferential part of the scientific process are given. Furthermore, the article addresses the reliability of the inductive process, emphasising the difficulties in obtaining accurate results. In conclusion, it is shown that Aristotelian science has a fundamentally intuition-based part and plays an important role in the scientific process.

Commentary Styles of Peripatetic Islamic Logicians on Aristotle's Definition of Syllogism

Ali Tekin — Tue, 07 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Aristotle (b. 322 BC) was the first philosopher in the history of thought to examine all modes and types of belief acquisition such as knowledge, supposition, error and indirectly imagination. In his Prior Analytics, which he wrote primarily to clarify his theory of demonstration, Aristotle examined in detail the syllogism, which he saw as the most important form of reasoning, and his analysis was subject to interpretation by different traditions of thought for centuries. Aristotle’s Prior Analytics was translated into Arabic in the classical period and later interpreted by many Islamic logicians. This article aims to show how Aristotle’s definition of the syllogism in the Prior Analytics was taken up and interpreted in the Peripatetic Islamic logical tradition. These interpretations of the definition of the syllogism will provide us with an idea about the unique features of the commentaries on the Prior Analytics in the Islamic world. Here, introductory information about the translation of the Prior Analytics into Arabic and its commentators in Arabic will be given, Aristotle’s definition of the syllogism and its versions in Peripatetic Islamic logicians will be indicated, and the interpretation of the basic terms in the definition by Peripatetic Islamic logicians will be revealed.

Practical Life in the Face of Abstract Principles in William James

Ahmet Hamdi İşcan — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

In the history of philosophy, philosophers have defined philosophy based on their own perspectives. This situation shows that it is a difficult and meaningless endeavor to put forward an understanding of philosophy that has clear boundaries and is accepted by everyone. However, despite these differences in definitions, there are some common points. Perhaps the most important of these common points is that philosophy is a stance, a positioning activity in the face of truth. In this positioning, William James tried to find the moderate path between the currents of rationalism and empiricism and took a stance based on concrete differences in life. Like the empiricists, he tried to keep people's relations with facts alive, but at the same time, he did not exclude religion by adopting a rationalist attitude. However, James argued that abstract concepts cannot have meaning unless they find their counterpart in life. According to James, a life based only on abstract principles would not be qualified. In this study, I will try reconciling William James’ attitude towards abstract principles with practical life.

Did the Greeks Believe in Their Myths by P. Veyne

Abdullah Demir — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Paul Veyne, Did the Greeks Believe in Their Myths? An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination, trans. Paula Wissing (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988), 169 pp.

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Entelekya Review — Tue, 07 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

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Entelekya Review — Tue, 07 May 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Published by Entelekya School of Logico-Metaphysics.